In the 1980s, with the decline of the wave of post-modernism, the so-called deconstruction philosophy, which attaches importance to individuals and parts themselves and opposes overall unity, began to be recognized and accepted by some theorists and designers, and had a great impact on the design community at the end of the century.
Deconstruction evolved from the words of constructivism. Deconstruction and constructivism also have some similarities in visual elements. Both try to emphasize the structural elements of design. However, constructivism emphasizes the integrity and unity of the structure, and individual components serve the overall structure; Deconstructionism, on the other hand, holds that individual components themselves are important, so the study of individual is more important than that of the whole structure.
Deconstruction is the criticism and negation of orthodox principles and order. Deconstruction not only negates the constructivism which is an important part of modernism, but also challenges the classical aesthetic principles such as harmony, unity and perfection. In this regard, deconstruction and the Baroque style in Italy during the turning period of the 16th and 17th centuries have the same advantages. Baroque is characterized by breaking through the conventions of classical art, such as solemnity, implication and balance, and emphasizing or exaggerating the parts of architecture.
The exploration of deconstruction as a design style rose in the 1980s, but its origin can be traced back to 1967 when Jacques Derride (1930), a philosopher, put forward the theory of "deconstruction" based on the criticism of structuralism in linguistics. The core of his theory is the aversion to the structure itself. He believes that the symbol itself can reflect reality, and the study of individual is more important than the study of the overall structure. In the exploration against international style, some designers believe that deconstruction is a new theory with strong personality, which has been applied to different design fields, especially architecture.
The representative figures of deconstructive design include Frank Gehry (1947), Bernard tschumi (1944 -), etc. In the 1980s, Qu Mi became famous for a group of deconstructive red framework designs in Paris Villette Park. This group of frames is composed of independent and unrelated points, lines and surfaces, and its basic components are 10m × 10m × The 10m cube is attached with various components to form tea rooms, viewing buildings, recreation rooms and other facilities, completely breaking the concept of traditional gardens.
Gary is considered to be the most influential architect of deconstruction, especially the Bilbao Guggenheim Museum in Spain, which he completed in the late 1990s. His design reflects the negation of the whole and the concern for parts. Gehry's design technique seems to be to dismember the whole building and then reassemble it to form an incomplete, even fragmented space model. This kind of fragmentation has produced a new form, which is more abundant and more unique. Different from other deconstructive architects who focus on the reorganization of space frame structure, Gary's architecture is more inclined to the segmentation and reconstruction of blocks. His Bilbao Guggenheim Museum is composed of several thick blocks that collide with each other and interlace, forming a distorted and powerful space.
Gary is considered to be the most influential architect of deconstruction, especially the Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, Spain, which he completed in the late 1990s. His design reflects the negation of the whole and the concern for parts. Gehry's design technique seems to be to dismember the whole building and then reassemble it to form an incomplete, even fragmented space model. This kind of fragmentation has produced a new form, which is more abundant and more unique. Different from other deconstructive architects who focus on the reorganization of space frame structure, Gary's architecture is more inclined to the segmentation and reconstruction of blocks. His Bilbao Guggenheim Museum is composed of several thick blocks that collide with each other and interlace, forming a distorted and powerful space.
In industrial design, deconstruction also has a certain impact. Ingo Maurer (1932 -), a German designer, designed a pendant lamp named Boca Misseria, which "deconstructed" porcelain into a lampshade based on the slow motion film of porcelain explosion.
Deconstruction is not a random design. Although many deconstructive buildings seem to be messy, they must take into account the possibility of structural factors and the functional requirements of indoor and outdoor spaces. In this sense, deconstruction is just another form of constructivism.
Post time: Jan-29-2023